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Magnetically assembled nanoparticle structures and their effect on mechanical response of polymer nanocomposites
Zbončák, Marek ; Khúnová,, Viera (oponent) ; Crosby, Alfred (oponent) ; Jančář, Josef (vedoucí práce)
Magnetically directed self-assembly in polymer nanocomposites is studied in this dissertation thesis. Structuring of the polymer nanocomposites by application of relatively weak external magnetic fields (B=0-50 mT) has been proven to be convenient method for the control of their nano- and microstructure. The effect of the field strength, particle loading, viscosity and assembling time on the resulted structure was studied in different systems such as photopolymer, polyurethane or colloidally dispersed magnetic nanoparticles in acetone with a small amount of dissolved polymer. Self-assembled structures – without application of the external magnetic field exhibit a multi-step aggregation into nanoparticle assemblies with a complex shape. By the calculation of interaction energies between the nanoparticles, magnetic interactions were attributed to be mainly responsible for the aggregation in self-assembled systems. With an increasing magnetic field, magnetic nanoparticles are rapidly arranged into high aspect ratio one-dimensional particle chains with a homogenous orientation in the bulk polymer matrix. After prolonged assembling time, the structures gradually grow from small submicro structures to large microscopic superstructures. This method exhibits large potential to be used for controlled creation of wide variety of structures in polymer nanocomposites suitable for technological applications and/or for fundamental studies. Magnetically structured polymer nanocomposites show significant directional anisotropy of composite’s stiffness at the temperatures above glass transition of the system while there is no effect on the mechanical response in glassy state. Longitudinally oriented structures exhibit much stronger effect on the composite’s stiffness. Reinforcing effectivity exhibits temperature dependent course with a maximum obtained approximately 60 °C above glass transition. The structure of magnetically assembled polymer nanocomposites was described by multi-level hierarchic model of material. Micromechanics was used to address the orientation dependent reinforcement and temperature dependent stiffness of the hybrid nanoparticle-polymer structures. Load carrying capability, deformation and non-zero stiffness of the hybrid structures were attributed to be responsible for the reinforcement of the polymer nanocomposites. The presence of polymer bridges between nanoparticles transmitting the stress through the magnetic structures is proposed to be essential for the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites and for stiffness of the hybrid structures.
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Magnetically assembled nanoparticle structures and their effect on mechanical response of polymer nanocomposites
Zbončák, Marek ; Khúnová,, Viera (oponent) ; Crosby, Alfred (oponent) ; Jančář, Josef (vedoucí práce)
Magnetically directed self-assembly in polymer nanocomposites is studied in this dissertation thesis. Structuring of the polymer nanocomposites by application of relatively weak external magnetic fields (B=0-50 mT) has been proven to be convenient method for the control of their nano- and microstructure. The effect of the field strength, particle loading, viscosity and assembling time on the resulted structure was studied in different systems such as photopolymer, polyurethane or colloidally dispersed magnetic nanoparticles in acetone with a small amount of dissolved polymer. Self-assembled structures – without application of the external magnetic field exhibit a multi-step aggregation into nanoparticle assemblies with a complex shape. By the calculation of interaction energies between the nanoparticles, magnetic interactions were attributed to be mainly responsible for the aggregation in self-assembled systems. With an increasing magnetic field, magnetic nanoparticles are rapidly arranged into high aspect ratio one-dimensional particle chains with a homogenous orientation in the bulk polymer matrix. After prolonged assembling time, the structures gradually grow from small submicro structures to large microscopic superstructures. This method exhibits large potential to be used for controlled creation of wide variety of structures in polymer nanocomposites suitable for technological applications and/or for fundamental studies. Magnetically structured polymer nanocomposites show significant directional anisotropy of composite’s stiffness at the temperatures above glass transition of the system while there is no effect on the mechanical response in glassy state. Longitudinally oriented structures exhibit much stronger effect on the composite’s stiffness. Reinforcing effectivity exhibits temperature dependent course with a maximum obtained approximately 60 °C above glass transition. The structure of magnetically assembled polymer nanocomposites was described by multi-level hierarchic model of material. Micromechanics was used to address the orientation dependent reinforcement and temperature dependent stiffness of the hybrid nanoparticle-polymer structures. Load carrying capability, deformation and non-zero stiffness of the hybrid structures were attributed to be responsible for the reinforcement of the polymer nanocomposites. The presence of polymer bridges between nanoparticles transmitting the stress through the magnetic structures is proposed to be essential for the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites and for stiffness of the hybrid structures.
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